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Atlas of Computational Cell Reprogramming

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C1 · Network informed intervention prioritization P

TRAPT

Zhang G, Song C, Yin M, Liu L, Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhang J, Guo M, Li C

2025 · Nature communications

Epigenomics-first deep learning maps a query gene set to ranked upstream TR activity using large ChIP/ATAC/H3K27ac compendia.

Abstract

From the original paper, Nature communications · PubMed

It is challenging to identify regulatory transcriptional regulators (TRs), which control gene expression via regulatory elements and epigenomic signals, in context-specific studies on the onset and progression of diseases. The use of large-scale multi-omics epigenomic data enables the representation of the complex epigenomic patterns of control of the regulatory elements and the regulators. Herein, we propose Transcription Regulator Activity Prediction Tool (TRAPT), a multi-modality deep learning framework, which infers regulator activity by learning and integrating the regulatory potentials of target gene cis-regulatory elements and genome-wide binding sites. The results of experiments on 570 TR-related datasets show that TRAPT outperformed state-of-the-art methods in predicting the TRs, especially in terms of forecasting transcription co-factors and chromatin regulators. Moreover, we successfully identify key TRs associated with diseases, genetic variations, cell-fate decisions, and tissues. Our method provides an innovative perspective on identifying TRs by using epigenomic data.

Summary

Level-1 epigenomic TR-prioritization: query gene set → TR-RP/Epi-RP → D-RP (CVAE/VGAE) and U-RP (distillation + sparse-group lasso) → I-RP/AUC ranked TR activities for TFs, co-factors, and chromatin regulators; validated on KnockTF, KnockTF, Lisa/BART/i-cisTarget/ChEA3 TR-recovery benchmark, and disease/cell-fate case studies; no head-to-head benchmark against other cell-reprogramming methods.

Why this class

Level 1 because the method scores candidate regulators through static regulatory-network / epigenomic influence on a query gene set, without computing the post-intervention state P^S,u\hat P_{S,u}. Cited in §3.2 of the review alongside ANANSE-class tools.

Classification

Class
C1 · Network informed intervention prioritization
Representation
Regulatory-network influence
Modalities
P
Intervention
TFs + other molecular targets
Framework
Static network analysis

Software

Reproducibility
4/4
FAIR4RS
4/5

Last audited 2026-06-01

Citation

Zhang G et al. (2025). TRAPT: a multi-stage fused deep learning framework for predicting transcriptional regulators based on large-scale epigenomic data., Nature communications.

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58921-0

PMID: 40240358

BibTeX
@article{trapt2025,
  title  = {TRAPT: a multi-stage fused deep learning framework for predicting transcriptional regulators based on large-scale epigenomic data.},
  author = {Zhang G et al.},
  year   = {2025},
  journal = {Nature communications},
  pmid = {40240358},
  doi  = {10.1038/s41467-025-58921-0}
}

Validation datasets

  • KnockTF (570 TR KD/KO datasets) other
  • Lisa benchmark other
  • Zenodo 10.5281/zenodo.8080171 other

Datasets used to validate the method's predictions in the original paper. Solid borders are linked to the source archive; dashed borders denote identifiers without a canonical URL on record.